1. repeat the experiment with a different variable and obtain the same results.
2. perform the same experiment and obtain different results.
3. repeat the same experiment and obtain the same results.
4. Perform the same experiment under different experimental conditions and obtain the same results

1. only grasshoppers, trout and mice produce reproductive cells with flagella.
2. all organisms produce male reproductive cells with flagella.
3. only male organisms produce reproductive cells with flagella.
4. All male grasshoppers, trout and mice produce reproductive cells with flagella

3) What occurs during the digestion of starch?

1. Specific enzymes break down starch into amino acids.
2. Specific hormones break down starch into simple sugar.
3. Specific hormones break down starch into complex sugar.
4. Specific enzymes break down starch into simple sugar.

4) A woman has a gene that causes a visual disorder. To prevent the disorder from appearing in her children, the defective gene would have to be repaired in the mother's

1. nervous system
2. reproductive cells
3. eye
4. uterus

5) Two test tubes are filled with a solution of bromthymol blue. A Student exhaled through a straw into each tube, and the bromthymol blue turned yellow. An aquatic plant was placed into each tube and the tubes were corked. One tube was placed in the dark, and one was placed in direct sunlight. The yellow solution in the tube in sunlight turned blue, while the one in the dark remained yellow. Which statement best explains why the solution in the tube placed in sunlight returned to a blue color?

1. Oxygen was used for photosynthesis.
2. Oxygen was removed by respiration.
3. Carbon dioxide was removed by photosynthesis
4. Carbon dioxide was produced by respiration.

6) The graph below shows data on the average life expectancy of humans.

The change in life expectancy from 1910 to 1970 is most likely the result of

1. an increase in poor land use management that affected the quality of topsoil.
2. the introduction of technology that had a negative impact on air quality.
3. The development and introduction of new techniques to control disease.
4. a widespread increase in the presence of lead and other heavy metals in water supplies.

7) Which change would usually increase competition for food among the squirrel population in a certain area?

1. an epidemic of rabies among squirrels.
2. an increase in the number of squirrels killed on the highways.
3. An increase in the number of hawks that prey on squirrels.
4. a temporary increase in the squirrel reproduction rate.

8) using the chart below, which animal in the community would be classified as a herbivore?

1. Snakes
2. Hawks
3. Spiders
4. Grasshoppers

9) Base your answer to question 9 on the sequence of diagrams below.

If no human intervention or natural disaster occurs, by the year 2050 this area will most likely be a

1. lake
2. swamp
3. desert
4. forest

10) What is the total displacement of a student who walks 3 blocks east, 2 blocks north, 1 block west, and then 2 blocks south?

1. 0
2. 2 blocks east
3. 2 blocks west
4. 8 blocks

11) A baseball pitcher throws a fast ball at 42 meters per second. If the batter is 18 meters from the pitcher, approximately how much time does it take for the ball to reach the batter?

1. 1.9s
2. 2.3s
3. 0.86s
4. 0.43s

12) A ball rolls through a hollow tube lying flat on a horizontal table top. Which diagram best shows the path of the ball after emerging from the tube, as viewed from above?

13) The amplitude of a sound wave is to its loudness as the amplitude of a light wave is to its

1. brightness.
2. frequency.
3. color.
4. speed.

14) The diagram below shows straight wave fronts passing through an opening in a barrier.

This phenomenon is called

1. reflection.
2. refraction.
3. polarization.
4. diffraction.

15) What happens when a substance melts?

1. It changes from a solid to a liquid, and heat is absorbed.
2. It changes from a solid to a liquid, and heat is released.
3. It changes from a liquid to a solid, and heat is absorbed
4. It changes form a liquid to a solid, and heat is released.

16) Compared to the charge and mass of a proton and electron has

1. the same charge and a smaller mass.
2. The same charge and the same mass.
3. An opposite charge and a smaller mass.
4. An opposite charge and the same mass.

17) Which mineral is an ore of iron and has a reddish brown streak?

1. magnetite
2. pyrite
3. hematite
4. olivine

18) The diagram below shows the Earth, The Moon and the Sun's rays as viewed from space.

For observers on Earth, which phase of the Moon is represented by the diagram?

New	First Quarter	Full	Last Quarter
1	2	3	4

19) In which list are celestial features correctly shown in order of increasing size?

1. galaxy --> solar system --> universe --> planet
2. solar system --> galaxy --> planet --> universe
3. planet --> solar system --> galaxy --> universe
4. universe --> galaxy --> solar system --> planet

20) The diagram below shows the stump of a tree whose root grew into a small crack in bedrock and split the rock apart.

The action of the root splitting the bedrock is an example of

1. chemical weathering
2. deposition
3. erosion
4. physical weathering

21) The map below shows the present day locations of South America and Africa. Remains of Mesosaurus, an extinct freshwater reptile, have been found in similarly aged bedrock formed from lake sediments at locations X and Y.

Which statement represents the most logical conclusion to draw from this evidence?

1. Mesosaurus migrated across the ocean from location X to location Y.
2. Mesosaurus came into existence on several widely separated continents at different times.
3. The continents of South America and Africa were joined when Mesosaurus lived.
4. The present climates at locations X and Y are similar.